核电厂设计基准风速计算有关问题探讨     

刘勇胜  陈龙泉  傅小城 《气象与减灾研究》2013,(3):69-72

设计基准风速的确定对核电厂建构筑物的风荷载设计和结构设计至关重要。利用气象台站积累的历史极端风速资料,计算核电厂设计基准风速,并讨论了计算过程中应注意的有关问题。  相似文献   

Multiverses of the past     

V. Trimble 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2009,330(7):761-769

More than 2000 years ago, Epicurus taught that there are an infinite number of other worlds, both like and unlike ours, and Aristotle taught that there are none. Neither hypothesis can currently be falsified, and some versions of current multiverses perhaps never can be, which has contributed to occasional claims that “this isn't science!” (a common complaint about cosmology for centuries). Define “cosmos”, or “world”, or “universe” to mean the largest structure of which you and the majority of knowledgeable contemporaries will admit to being a part. This begins with the small, earth‐centered worlds of ancient Egyptian paintings, Greek mythology, and Genesis, which a god could circumnavigate in a day and humans in a generation. These tend to expand and become helio‐rather than geo‐centric (not quite monotonically in time) and are succeeded by various assemblages of sun‐like stars with planets of their own. Finite vs. infinite assemblages are debated and then the issue of whether the Milky Way is unique (so that “island universes” made sense, even if you were against the idea) for a couple of centuries. Today one thinks as a rule of the entire 4‐dimensional space‐time we might in principle communicate with and all its contents. Beyond are the modern multi‐verses, sequential (cyclic or oscillating), hierarchical, or non‐communicating entities in more than four dimensions. Each of these has older analogues, and, in every milieu where the ideas have been discussed, there have been firm supporters and firm opponents, some of whose ideas are explored here. Because astronomical observations have firmly settled some earlier disputes in favor of very many galaxies and very many stars with planets, “other worlds” can now refer only to other planets like Earth or to other universes. The focus is on the latter (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

New Stars and telescopes: Nova research in the last four centuries     

H.W. Duerbeck 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2009,330(6):568-573

This article gives a brief overview of 400 years of research in the field of novae and related stars. Important objects, first applications of various observing techniques, and early ideas of the interpretation of phenomena are listed. Also, the historical evolution of the classification of novae and related stars (supernovae, dwarf novae), as well as their use as distance indicators is discussed (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

The Knorre astronomers' dynasty     

G. Pinigin 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2009,330(6):578-581

We attempt to throw light upon the poorly known astronomical dynasty of Knorre and describe its contribution to astronomy. The founder of the dynasty, Ernst Christoph Friedrich Knorre (1759–1810), was born in Germany in 1759, and since 1802 he was a Professor of Mathematics at the Tartu University, and observer at its temporary observatory. He determined the first coordinates of Tartu by stellar observations. Karl Friedrich Knorre (1801–1883) was the first director of the Naval Observatory in Nikolaev since the age of 20, provided the Black Sea navy with accurate time and charts, trained mariners in astronomical navigation, and certified navigation equipment. He compiled star maps and catalogues, and determined positions of comets and planets. He also participated in Bessel's project of the Academic Star Charts, and was responsible for Hora 4, published by the Berlin Academy of Sciences. This sheet permitted to discover two minor planets, Astraea and Flora. Viktor Knorre (1840–1919) was born in Nikolaev. In 1862 he left for Berlin to study astronomy. After defending his thesis for a doctor's degree, he went to Pulkovo as an astronomical calculator in 1867. Since 1873 Viktor worked as an observer of the Berlin Observatory Fraunhofer refractor. His main research focussed on minor planets, comets and binary stars. He discovered the minor planets Koronis, Oenone, Hypatia and Penthesilea. Viktor Knorre also worked on improving astronomical instrumentation, e.g. the Knorre & Heele equatorial telescope mounting (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

Taguchi design-based seismic reliability analysis of geostructures     

M. A. Hariri-Ardebili  P. Boodagh 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2019,13(1):34-52

This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the seismic reliability of geostructures in an optimal way. Taguchi design of experiments are adopted to find the most efficient and cost-effective combination of material properties in the uncertainty domain. Twelve uniform and mixed design models are tested. A polynomial-based response surface meta-model is built for each one and the accuracy of perdition is examined using 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations. A two-dimensional gravity dam is used as a vehicle for probabilistic transient analyses. The ground motion record-to-record variability is added as well using over one hundred earthquake records selected based on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. Dynamic sensitivity of epistemic random variables are evaluated for the first time. Finally, an efficient and practical procedure is proposed in order to determine the reliability index of the geostructures. This approach, in fact, can be generalised for any type of engineering structures dealing with multi-hazard problems.  相似文献   

三维数字城市在道路规划设计中的应用研究     

陈良超 《测绘软科学研究》2013,(6):33-37

＂数字城市＂建设成果在国民经济建设中逐渐得到广泛应用,以直观、可视化、信息更加丰富为显著特点的＂三维数字城市＂建设成果,成为应用创新的助推剂,而当前,传统的依靠计算机辅助设计软件开展道路设计规划成为一种需要突破的变革趋势,选择基于三维数字城市建设成果开展道路规划设计,以其显著的优势成为道路设计规划变革的新途径。  相似文献   

基于工程哲学视角的测绘卓越工程师综合素质的培养     

王文福 《测绘科学》2013,38(1):180-182

工程哲学是对工程的反思和工程造物的思辨,从而对工程造物的主体——工程师的素质提出了反身诉求。基于工程哲学的视角审视工程师的培养,反思工程教育则具有现实意义。文章结合我国测绘工程师培养现状,以落实"卓越工程师培养计划"作为人才培养的节点,从工程哲学的层面厘清了测绘卓越工程师应具备的综合素质及其培养途径,为工程教育改革和应用型创新人才的培养展现了新思路。  相似文献   

柏林城市文脉与设计之都创意化道路     

邹琳  褚劲风 《世界地理研究》2013,(2)

柏林的经济、文化事业发达,是世界的艺术中心、时尚设计中心,也是欧洲文学、媒体、音乐及科学的发展中心。柏林建设了完整的创意设计服务平台、国际推广的本土设计品牌、完善的创意人才培训体系等,以其深厚的文化底蕴实现了城市的创意化发展,并逐步成为国际文化创意的大熔炉。  相似文献   

我国核电厂设计中考虑的自然灾害综述与建议     

李亮  潘蓉  骆鹏  路雨 《震灾防御技术》2021,16(2):398-403

我国是目前世界在建核电机组最多的国家,总装机容量世界第三,是名副其实的核大国,核安全是国家安全的重要内容,被提到了前所未有的高度。同时,我国也是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一,包括核电厂在内的重大工程建设高度重视自然灾害防御设计。日本311地震海啸引起福岛核事故后,核电厂设计中增强了对超设计基准自然灾害的考虑。本文对核电厂防御自然灾害的必要性、核电厂设计中需考虑的自然灾害及国内外核电厂关于防御自然灾害存在的问题进行研究,提出我国核电厂防御自然灾害的建议。  相似文献   

突破瓶颈 营销文化塑造品牌     

吕生利  李懿宏  杨铁文 《中国勘察设计》2010,(10):53-58

中国石油工程设计有限公司（以下简称CPE）结合行业特点,建立了以人为本和客户导向的企业文化,并且以企业文化为营销对象,通过＂营销文化,塑造品牌＂,在行业内独树一帜,很好地实现了客户、员工和企业的共同成长。本文结合CPE塑造品牌的实践,给出了工程咨询设计企业营销文化树品牌的模式。  相似文献